The troubles of the overweight never end... Lose weight for your health first
Respiratory distress: Obesity creates a mechanical burden on breathing. Breathing becomes difficult. If obesity is severe, carbon dioxide in the blood increases. This makes the patient prone to drowsiness. Sleep apnea, meaning nighttime breathing cessation, is common among the obese. In cases of loud snoring, breathing can stop for up to 2 minutes. This puts pressure on the heart.
Negative effects on the skeleton and muscles: The skeleton and muscles are strained under an additional heavy load for years. As a result, flat feet, and knee and hip arthrosis are seen more frequently in obese individuals. Under normal conditions, the veins in the lower extremities (arms and legs) can more easily return the blood within them to the heart as a result of muscle contractions. However, in obese individuals, muscles surrounded by fat cannot contract sufficiently and therefore cannot properly affect the vessels. As a result, the vessels are deprived of the massaging effect of the muscles. Consequently, varicose veins and varicose ulcers form easily. In addition, as a result of fat accumulation in and around the abdomen, the abdominal muscles weaken and hernias can easily form.
Endocrine and metabolic complications: Diabetes leads this group of disorders. Obesity is the most important cause of Type 2 diabetes. The more severe and prolonged the obesity, the higher the rate at which diabetes occurs. 8 out of every 10 people with Type 2 diabetes are obese. A person who gains 20 kilos over eight years increases their diabetes risk by 12-fold. Meanwhile, a person who loses weight during the same period reduces their diabetes risk by 87%.
In obese individuals, triglyceride levels and free fatty acids increase, while HDL cholesterol levels decrease. This triad causes arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). Hypertriglyceridemia causes fatty liver. Obesity also raises uric acid levels, paving the way for gout.
Cardiovascular complications: Hypertension is common in obese individuals. When weight is lost, hypertension returns to normal levels. Hypertension, together with elevated triglycerides and low HDL, causes arteriosclerotic coronary artery disease. Angina pectoris (a pressure or tightness sensation, often felt in the middle of the chest, resulting from localized insufficient blood supply), myocardial infarction (death of heart muscle tissue in a region resulting from insufficient coronary blood flow to that region), and heart failure are more common in obese individuals. Positive improvements are seen in these conditions when the patient loses weight. A slowdown in the functioning of the sodium pump may play a role in the development of hypertension in obese individuals. The American Heart Association claims that when BMI (Body Mass Index) rises from 25 to 28, the risk of myocardial infarction increases from 50% to 70%.
Overeating causes premature aging: Studies conducted on centenarians have shown that most of them are quite thin, physically and mentally active, and consume few calories. Caloric restriction helps preserve youthfulness. Because the less calories taken into the body, the less energy conversion occurs. As a result, fewer harmful byproducts are released. Oxygen, used as the combustive substance in the processing of nutrients in the body, is toxic at high doses and causes aging.
Gallstones and stone-related complications are more common among the obese.
Complications such as post-surgical wound infections and suture failure are more common in obesity. Childbirth is also more difficult and risky for obese individuals.
Excess subcutaneous fat tissue increases skin infections. Fungal infections are common in the folds of the skin and on the feet.
Gynecological complications are more common in obese individuals.
Obese people are more prone to home, workplace and traffic accidents.
When comparing normal-weight individuals with obese ones, cancer risk is higher in the obese.
Due to the complications listed above, obesity shortens lifespan. Excess weight causes 300,000 deaths in the United States every year, and costs the Federal German Health Insurance system 30 billion euros annually. Obesity does not shorten a woman's lifespan as much as it does a man's. However, knee and hip arthrosis is more common and more severe in obese women. This makes life more difficult. All these complications show that obesity is a disease that requires treatment in its entirety.
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